Wesley Norris, testimony
1859-1863; April 14, 1866
“My name is Wesley Norris; I was born a slave on the plantation of George Parke Custis; after the death
of Mr. Custis, Gen. Lee, who had been made executor of the estate, assumed control of the slaves, in
number about seventy; it was the general impression among the slaves of Mr. Custis that on his death
they should be forever free; in fact this statement had been made to them by Mr. C. years before; at his
death we were informed by Gen. Lee that by the conditions of the will we must remain slaves for five
years; I remained with Gen. Lee for about seventeen months, when my sister Mary, a cousin of ours, and
I determined to run away, which we did in the year 1859; we had already reached Westminster, in
Maryland, on our way to the North, when we were apprehended and thrown into prison, and Gen. Lee
notified of our arrest; we remained in prison fifteen days, when we were sent back to Arlington; we were
immediately taken before Gen. Lee, who demanded the reason why we ran away; we frankly told him
that we considered ourselves free; he then told us he would teach us a lesson we never would forget; he
then ordered us to the barn, where, in his presence, we were tied firmly to posts by a Mr. Gwin, our
overseer, who was ordered by Gen. Lee to strip us to the waist and give us fifty lashes each, excepting
my sister, who received but twenty; we were accordingly stripped to the skin by the overseer, who,
however, had sufficient humanity to decline whipping us; accordingly Dick Williams, a county
constable, was called in, who gave us the number of lashes ordered; Gen. Lee, in the meantime, stood
by, and frequently enjoined Williams to “lay it on well,” an injunction which he did not fail to heed; not
satisfied with simply lacerating our naked flesh, Gen. Lee then ordered the overseer to thoroughly wash
our backs with brine, which was done. After this my cousin and myself were sent to Hanover Court-
House jail, my sister being sent to Richmond to an agent to be hired; we remained in jail about a week,
when we were sent to Nelson county, where we were hired out by Gen. Lee’s agent to work on the
Orange and Alexander railroad; we remained thus employed for about seven months, and were then sent
to Alabama, and put to work on what is known as the Northeastern railroad; in January, 1863, we were
sent to Richmond, from which place I finally made my escape through the rebel lines to freedom; I have
nothing further to say; what I have stated is true in every particular, and I can at any time bring at least a
dozen witnesses, both white and black, to substantiate my statements: I am at present employed by the
Government; and am at work in the National Cemetery on Arlington Heights, where I can be found by
those who desire further particulars; my sister referred to is at present employed by the French Minister
at Washington, and will confirm my statement.”
Author
Name: Wesley Norris
Unit: N/A
Document Information
Type: Testimony
Subject(s):
- African American
Event Location: Arlington, VA, Westminster, Carroll Co., MD
Document Origin: N/A
Source
John W. Blassingame, ed., Slave Testimony: Two Centuries of Letters, Speeches, and Interviews, and Autobiographies (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1977), 467-468.
Transcripts
document-174.pdf 
